Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper.
In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, cocoa powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
In a large mixing bowl, cream together the softened butter, brown sugar, and granulated sugar until light and fluffy, about 3-4 minutes.
Beat in the egg and vanilla extract until fully incorporated.
Gradually add the dry ingredient mixture to the butter mixture, alternating with the buttermilk. Begin and end with the dry ingredients. Mix until just combined, avoiding overmixing.
Use a cookie scoop or tablespoon to drop heaping amounts of the batter onto the prepared baking sheets, leaving space between each for spreading.
Bake in the preheated oven for 10-12 minutes, or until the cakes spring back when lightly pressed. Let them cool on the baking sheet for about 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.
In a medium bowl, beat together the peanut butter and butter until smooth. Gradually add the powdered sugar, milk, and salt, mixing until creamy and fluffy.
Once the chocolate cakes have cooled completely, flip half of them upside down. Spread a generous amount of peanut butter filling on each flipped cake, and top with another chocolate cake, pressing gently to adhere.
Enjoy your whoopie pies right away, or refrigerate them for about 30 minutes to help the filling set.
Notes
Refrigerate for 30 minutes to help the filling set.